Kushandiswa kweMhanguramuIndasitiri Yemapepa
Munharaunda yemazuva ano inoshandura ruzivo, kushandiswa kwepepa kwakakura.Bepa rinotaridzika rakapfava pamusoro, asi maitiro ekugadzira mapepa akaomarara, anoda matanho mazhinji uye kushandiswa kwemichina yakawanda, kusanganisira inotonhorera, evaporator, mabhiti, michina yemapepa, nezvimwe.Zvizhinji zvezvikamu izvi, zvakadai se: machubhu akasiyana-siyana ekutsinhanisa kupisa, ma roller, mbariro, semi-mvura pombi uye waya meshes, anowanzo gadzirwa nesimbi alloys.Semuyenzaniso, unoshandiswa pari zvino weFourdrinier waya webepa muchina unopfapfaidza pulp yakagadzirwa pajira rinokurumidza kufamba rine meshes (40-60 mesh).Mesh yakarukwa kubva pandarira nephosphor bronze waya, uye yakapamhama, kazhinji inodarika 20 metres (6 metres), uye inoda kuchengetedzwa zvakanyatsotwasuka.Iyo mesh inofamba pamusoro peakatevedzana madiki endarira kana emhangura rollers, uye sezvainopfuura nesadza yakapfapfaidzwa pairi, mwando unosvetwa kubva pasi.Mambure anozunguzika panguva imwe chete kuti asunge twumafiinzi twudiki twuri mupulp pamwechete.Michina mikuru yemapepa ine masaizi makuru emumbure, anosvika 26 tsoka 8 inches (8.1 metres) yakafara uye 100 tsoka (3 0.5 metres) kureba.Wet pulp haina kungova nemvura chete, asiwo ine makemikari anoshandiswa mukugadzira mapepa, ayo anopisa zvakanyanya.Kuti uve nechokwadi chemhando yepepa, izvo zvinodikanwa zvemesh zvinhu zvakanyanya kuomarara, kwete chete simba repamusoro uye elasticity, asiwo anti-corrosion yepulp, yakakandwa yemhangura alloy inokwanisa zvizere.
Kushandiswa kwemhangura muindasitiri yekudhinda
Mukudhinda, ndiro yemhangura inoshandiswa pa photoengraving.Mushure mokunge ndiro yemhangura yakasvibiswa inonzwisiswa nephotosensitive emulsion, mufananidzo wemifananidzo unoumbwa pairi.Iyo photosensitive mhangura ndiro inoda kudziyiswa kuti iomese glue.Kuti udzivise kupfava nekupisa, mhangura kazhinji ine chidimbu chesirivha kana arsenic kuti iwedzere kunyorova tembiricha.Zvadaro, ndiro yacho inonamirwa kuti iite nzvimbo yakadhindwa ine patani ye concave uye convex dots akagoverwa.Kumwe kushandiswa kwakakosha kwemhangura mukudhinda kugadzira mapatani nekuronga mabhuroko ebhurosi pamafonti otomatiki.Mabhuroko emhando anowanzo kutungamirwa ndarira, dzimwe nguva mhangura kana bhuronzi.
Kushandiswa kwemhangura muindasitiri yewachi
Mawachi, mawachi uye zvishandiso zvine clockwork michina ikozvino inogadzirwa umo mazhinji ezvikamu zvekushanda anogadzirwa ne "horological brass".Iyo alloy ine 1.5-2% lead, ine yakanaka yekugadzirisa zvivakwa uye yakakodzera kugadzirwa kwehuwandu.Semuyenzaniso, magiya anochekwa kubva kureba extruded ndarira tsvimbo, flat mavhiri anoroverwa kubva mitsetse yaienderana ukobvu, ndarira kana mamwe alloys mhangura anoshandiswa kugadzira akavezwa wachi zviso uye screws uye majoini, etc. Nhamba huru yewachi isingadhuri inogadzirwa. pfuti (tin-zinc bronze), kana kuti yakaputirwa nesirivha nickel (white copper).Mamwe wachi dzine mukurumbira dzakagadzirwa nesimbi nemhangura alloys.IBritish "Big Ben" inoshandisa tsvimbo yakasimba yepfuti yeawa ruoko uye 14-mamita-yakareba mhangura chubhu yeminiti ruoko.Fekitari yewachi yemazuva ano, ine alloy yemhangura sechinhu chikuru, yakagadziridzwa nemichina uye moudhi chaiyoiyo, inogona kugadzira wachi 10 000 kusvika ku30 000 pazuva pamutengo wakaderera zvikuru.
Kushandiswa kweMhangura muIndasitiri Yemishonga
Muindasitiri yemishonga, marudzi ese ekupisa, kubikira uye vacuum zvishandiso zvinogadzirwa nemhangura yakachena.Mumidziyo yekurapa, zinc cupronickel inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.Copper alloy zvakare chinhu chakajairika kune mafirimu ezviratidziro uye zvichingodaro.
Nguva yekutumira: Jul-01-2022